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The Pyrgi Tablets, found in a 1964 excavation of a sanctuary of ancient Pyrgi on the Tyrrhenian coast of Italy (today the town of Santa Severa), are three golden leaves that record a dedication made around 500 BCE by Thefarie Velianas, king of Caere, to the Phoenician goddess ʻAshtaret. Pyrgi was the port of the southern Etruscan town of Caere. Two of the tablets are inscribed in the Etruscan language, the third in Phoenician.〔The specific dialect has been called "Mediterranean Phoenician" by Philip C. Schmitz, "The Phoenician Text from the Etruscan Sanctuary at Pyrgi" ''Journal of the American Oriental Society'' 115.4 (October - December 1995), pp. 559-575. Full bibliography of Pyrgi and the tablets〕 These writings are important in providing both a bilingual text that allows researchers to use knowledge of Phoenician to interpret Etruscan, and evidence of Phoenician or Punic influence in the Western Mediterranean. They may relate to Polybius's report (''Hist.'' 3,22) of an ancient and almost unintelligible treaty between the Romans and the Carthaginians, which he dated to the consulships of L. Iunius Brutus and L. Tarquinius Collatinus (509 BCE). The tablets are now held at the National Etruscan Museum, Villa Giulia, Rome. ==Phoenician text== ::l-rbt l-ʻštrt, ::To lady Ashtarot, ::ʼšr qdš ʼz, ʼš pʻl, w-ʼš ytn tbryʼ wlnš mlk ʻl kyšryʼ. ( kyšry= KAYSERI) :: This is the holy place, which was made, and which was given by Tiberius Velianas who reigns over the Caerites. ::b-yrḥ zbḥ šmš, b-mtnʼ b-bt, wbn tw. :: During the month of the sacrifice to the Sun, as a gift in the temple, he built an aedicula. ::k-ʻštrt ʼrš b-dy l-mlky šnt šlš, b-yrḥ krr, b-ym qbr ʼlm ::For Ashtarot raised him with Her hand to reign for three years from the month of Churvar, from the day of the burial of the divinity (). ::w-šnt lmʼš ʼlm b-bty šnt km h kkb m ʼl. :: And the years of the statue of the divinity in the temple (be ) as many years as the stars above.〔Transcription from Hildegard Temporini, Joseph Vogt, Wolfgang Haase. 1972. Aufsteig und Niedergang der Römischen Welt, vol. 2, part 25. P.201. Also, along with the original Phoenician letters, in Haarmann, Harald. 1996. Early Civilization and Literacy in Europe: An Inquiry into Cultural Continuity in the Mediterranean World. P.355〕 The Phoenician text has long been known to be in a Semitic, more specifically Canaanite language (very closely related to Hebrew, and also relatively close to Aramaic and Ugaritic); hence there was no need for it to be "deciphered." And while the inscription can certainly be read, certain passages are philologically uncertain on account of perceived complications of syntax and the vocabulary employed in the inscription, and as such they have become the source of debate among both Semiticists and Classicists.〔For the most recent analysis of the inscription and summary of the various scholarly interpretations, see (Schmitz, P. 1995 "The Phoenician Text from the Etruscan Sanctuary at Pyrgi." ''Journal of the American Oriental Society'' 15:559-575 ).〕 ::Supplamentry to the Pyrgi Tablets,inscriptios on vessels ::found in the sancturary at Pyrgi. ::unial: div) patera,or plate V 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Pyrgi Tablets」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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